Arknights · Character banners & reruns

Thorns / Kal’tsit

China server recruitment.

Featured 6-star operators and 5-star rate-ups are listed separately.

Period
2026-10-15T04:00:00+08:00 — 2026-10-29T03:59:59+08:00
NoticeChinese · Original↗
【中坚寻访】起止时... - 明日方舟综合讨论 - TapTap 明日方舟论坛 反馈 服务 明日方舟 明日方舟AI四号机 10/14 1287 浏览 综合 【中坚寻访】 起止时间：10月15日04:00 ~ 10月29日03:59 寻访说明：该寻访中以下干员获得概率提升； ★★★★★★：棘刺 / 凯尔希（占6★出率的50%） ★★★★★：灰喉 / 诗怀雅 / 四月（占5★出率的50%） *本次寻访期间，以下干员可于凭证交易所内使用高级凭证或通用凭证兑换：棘刺、灰喉 更多后续活动内容及最新消息请关注《明日方舟》游戏内公告，感谢大家的支持 明日方舟 8.1 塔防 二次元 养成 前往论坛 明日方舟 8.1 塔防 二次元 养成 去论坛 查看游戏 明日方舟日服登顶，官方送十连寻访券 明日方舟日服昨天登顶了日本App Store畅销榜总榜第一，日服官方在推上发了一张庆祝贺图，配文写着“多亏了各位博士的支持，销售排行榜荣登第1位”，并宣布向全服玩家发放一张十连寻访凭证。日服登顶发十连算是老传统了，但这次能压过ChatGPT、ytb和海外某音坐上总榜第一，含金量比以往都高。日服这次登顶的时间点是10月14日，正好赶上新版本活动上线，玩家攒了的估计全砸进去了。从七麦数据的截图来看， @衫选文学 11 赞 6 回复 00:17 柔情猫娘凯尔希 #慢摇 #明日方舟 #明日方舟怪猎联动 #明日方舟泡影苍霆 #凯尔希 #女仆 @泪梦无痕 20 赞 2 回复 干员测评【克莱门莎】-超高伤新时代近卫 新时代干员就是比旧时代猛啊，数值爆炸也就罢了，爆条都不用找巫役帮忙，自己就爆完了[表情_斜眼笑]#明日方舟昨日海 @苏祁风 22 赞 1 回复 明日方舟三款古籍皮肤上线 #明日方舟昨日海 #明日方舟 明日方舟推出三款古籍主题皮肤，10月16日上线。黍对应《天工开物》"源远流长"，背景水车贴合开荒设定；烛煌对应《山海经》"夜行烛火"，少数民族装扮配巫术器具；琳琅诗怀雅对应《永乐大典》"盛世之象"，大镜子细节拉满。三款都得掏源石，但立绘看得出画师真读了书，设计用心。之前联动皮都复刻过，错过也不用太慌，就是得等一阵子。黍姐高马尾又温婉又飒，源石已经备好了。 @江波衿 6 赞 9月流水统计，明日方舟没进前五 9月二次元游戏收入榜出炉，《原神》环比大涨重回榜首，明日方舟、终末地流水均出现大幅增长 根据第三方数据平台ST（简称）统计，2026年9月二次元手游收入榜中，《原神》以约5023万美元的收入重回榜首，环比8月的3842万美元增长约30.7% 紧随其后的是《火影忍者》手游，9月收入约3575万美元，环比增长30%；《崩坏：星穹铁道》以约3573万美元位列第三。明日方舟、终末地流水均出现大幅增长， @瑟瑟发抖的小菜鸡 12 赞 10 回复 《明日方舟》限时活动「十字路口」官宣，新干员同步登场 《明日方舟》官方正式官宣，限时故事集活动「十字路口」将于3月10日至3月17日限时开放，同步上线多重福利与全新内容，为博士们带来丰富游戏体验。同期，3月10日至3月24日开启【以我的方式】限时寻访，全新六星干员贝洛内、五星干员复奏限时登场，抽取概率大幅提升。此外，常驻回归系统完成优化，归航同步礼盒正式上架，助力玩家轻松获取福利。时装方面，【成就之星】系列三款新装限时上架，同时有多款【时代】系列 @游戏小魔王 00:30 明日方舟7周年异格凯尔希·思衡托正式登场 @青教官 「克莱门莎」 干员养成一图流 #明日方舟昨日海 #明日方舟 #明日方舟攻略 #明日方舟克莱门莎 “阿戈尔人克莱门莎，很高兴见到你。” //新增干员【海渊巡游】克莱门莎 ☆☆☆☆☆☆▹职业：近卫▹分支：本源近卫▹定位：近战、输出、爆发※首位★6本源近卫干员 //本篇内容基于技能解析 | 专精推荐 | 配队推荐 | 抽取建议 | 为博士提供阿戈尔荣誉军团团长、荣誉执政官、荣誉总战争设计师【克莱门莎】的养成一图 @十三天 5 赞 明日方舟新六星克莱门莎值得抽吗？全新干员深度解析与抽取建议 10月9日，《明日方舟》「昨日海」版本正式上线！本次卡池核心为六星本源近卫克莱门莎，活动赠送五星旅骨，五星德·托莱多与火哨一同UP。新干员要怎么抽？下面从新干员一览、核心机制、强度分析与抽取建议一次说清。 一、新干员一览 本次「昨日海」活动共上线三位新干员：克莱门莎：六星，本源近卫；旅骨：五星，活动赠送干员；德·托莱多则：五星；活动期间【海渊巡游】限时寻访开启，该寻访中以下干员获得概率提 @小红 6 赞 1 回复 干员插画也是非常值得品味的一环 《明日方舟》吸引玩家的不只有塔防玩法和剧情文本——在官方立绘之外，全球范围内的同人创作者也构建出了一个庞大的“泰拉艺术宇宙”。今天搬运几位热门画师大大的作品*附账号名字illeity—长篇剧情漫画以博士、黑角、老鲤等角色为主非常贴近鹰角原作叙事风格经常补完官方剧情中的留白[表情_开心]代表作：《Noir Corne and the G-Rank Hunt》系列在玩家群体中传播度很 @yeah, but no 25 赞 1 回复
下载 PC 版 ↗首页 ↗排行榜 ↗今日游戏 ↗云游戏 ↗PC 游戏 ↗社区 ↗TapTap 制造 ↗聚光灯 GameJam ↗开发者中心 ↗创作者中心 ↗活动中心 ↗查看游戏 ↗明日方舟AI四号机 ↗塔防 ↗二次元 ↗养成 ↗去论坛 ↗明日方舟日服登顶，官方送十连寻访券 明日方舟日服昨天登顶了日本App Store畅销榜总榜第一，日服官方在推上发了一张庆祝贺图，配文写着“多亏了各位博士的支持，销售排行榜荣登第1位”，并宣布向全服玩家发放一张十连寻访凭证。日服登顶发十连算是老传统了，但这次能压过ChatGPT、ytb和海外某音坐上总榜第一，含金量比以往都高。 日服这次登顶的时间点是10月14日，正好赶上新版本活动上线，玩家攒了的估计全砸进去了。从七麦数据的截图来看， @衫选文学 11 赞 6 回复 ↗00:17 柔情猫娘凯尔希 #慢摇 #明日方舟 #明日方舟怪猎联动 #明日方舟泡影苍霆 #凯尔希 #女仆 @泪梦无痕 20 赞 2 回复 ↗干员测评【克莱门莎】-超高伤新时代近卫 新时代干员就是比旧时代猛啊，数值爆炸也就罢了，爆条都不用找巫役帮忙，自己就爆完了[表情_斜眼笑] #明日方舟昨日海 @苏祁风 22 赞 1 回复 ↗明日方舟三款古籍皮肤上线 #明日方舟昨日海 #明日方舟 明日方舟推出三款古籍主题皮肤，10月16日上线。黍对应《天工开物》"源远流长"，背景水车贴合开荒设定；烛煌对应《山海经》"夜行烛火"，少数民族装扮配巫术器具；琳琅诗怀雅对应《永乐大典》"盛世之象"，大镜子细节拉满。三款都得掏源石，但立绘看得出画师真读了书，设计用心。之前联动皮都复刻过，错过也不用太慌，就是得等一阵子。黍姐高马尾又温婉又飒，源石已经备好了。 @江波 ↗9月流水统计，明日方舟没进前五 9月二次元游戏收入榜出炉，《原神》环比大涨重回榜首，明日方舟、终末地流水均出现大幅增长 根据第三方数据平台ST（简称）统计，2026年9月二次元手游收入榜中，《原神》以约5023万美元的收入重回榜首，环比8月的3842万美元增长约30.7% 紧随其后的是《火影忍者》手游，9月收入约3575万美元，环比增长30%；《崩坏：星穹铁道》以约3573万美元位列第三。 明日方舟、终末地流水均出现大幅增长， @瑟瑟发抖的小菜鸡 12 赞 10 回复 ↗《明日方舟》限时活动「十字路口」官宣，新干员同步登场 《明日方舟》官方正式官宣，限时故事集活动「十字路口」将于3月10日至3月17日限时开放，同步上线多重福利与全新内容，为博士们带来丰富游戏体验。 同期，3月10日至3月24日开启【以我的方式】限时寻访，全新六星干员贝洛内、五星干员复奏限时登场，抽取概率大幅提升。此外，常驻回归系统完成优化，归航同步礼盒正式上架，助力玩家轻松获取福利。 时装方面，【成就之星】系列三款新装限时上架，同时有多款【时代】系列 @游戏小魔王 ↗00:30 明日方舟7周年异格凯尔希·思衡托正式登场 @青教官 ↗「克莱门莎」 干员养成一图流 #明日方舟昨日海 #明日方舟 #明日方舟攻略 #明日方舟克莱门莎 “阿戈尔人克莱门莎，很高兴见到你。” //新增干员 【海渊巡游】克莱门莎 ☆☆☆☆☆☆ ▹职业：近卫 ▹分支：本源近卫 ▹定位：近战、输出、爆发 ※首位★6本源近卫干员 //本篇内容基于 技能解析 | 专精推荐 | 配队推荐 | 抽取建议 | 为博士提供阿戈尔荣誉军团团长、荣誉执政官、荣誉总战争设计师 【克莱门莎】的养成一图 @十三天 5 赞 ↗明日方舟新六星克莱门莎值得抽吗？全新干员深度解析与抽取建议 10月9日，《明日方舟》「昨日海」版本正式上线！本次卡池核心为六星本源近卫克莱门莎，活动赠送五星旅骨，五星德·托莱多与火哨一同UP。新干员要怎么抽？下面从新干员一览、核心机制、强度分析与抽取建议一次说清。 一、新干员一览 本次「昨日海」活动共上线三位新干员：克莱门莎：六星，本源近卫； 旅骨：五星，活动赠送干员；德·托莱多则：五星； 活动期间【海渊巡游】限时寻访开启，该寻访中以下干员获得概率提 @小红 6 赞 1 回复 ↗干员插画也是非常值得品味的一环 《明日方舟》吸引玩家的不只有塔防玩法和剧情文本—— 在官方立绘之外，全球范围内的同人创作者也构建出了一个庞大的“泰拉艺术宇宙”。 今天搬运几位热门画师大大的作品 *附账号名字 illeity— 长篇剧情漫画 以博士、黑角、老鲤等角色为主 非常贴近鹰角原作叙事风格 经常补完官方剧情中的留白 [表情_开心]代表作：《Noir Corne and the G-Rank Hunt》系列在玩家群体中传播度很 @yeah, but no 25 赞 1 回复 ↗

상세 스테이터스

Character

Thorns

커뮤니티 정보
Rarity
6★
Class
Guard
Branch
Lord
Position
Melee
Progression
E2 Lv.90 / P1
Max HP
2612
ATK
711
DEF
402
RES
10
DP cost
20
Block count
2
Attack interval
1.3 s
Redeployment
70 s
Trust bonus · ATK
+30
Excluded from base table. Maximum Trust stat bonus.
Trust bonus · DEF
+70
Excluded from base table. Maximum Trust stat bonus.
Stat basis

Elite 2 maximum level, Potential 1, zero Trust bonus, no module.

Trust, talent and skill modifiers are listed separately.

Skills compare rank 7 and Mastery I–III.

S1 · ATK Up γ커뮤니티 정보

SP shows initial / cost.

Instant, ammo, toggle and persistent effects without a timed duration follow the effect text.

Recovery: Auto recovery · Manual activation

Skill rank 7
SP 10 / 35 · 30 s
ATK +60%
Mastery I
SP 10 / 34 · 30 s
ATK +75%
Mastery II
SP 10 / 33 · 30 s
ATK +90%
Mastery III
SP 15 / 30 · 30 s
ATK +100%
S2 · Protective Spikes커뮤니티 정보

SP shows initial / cost.

Instant, ammo, toggle and persistent effects without a timed duration follow the effect text.

Recovery: Auto recovery · Manual activation

Skill rank 7
SP 10 / 29 · 36 s
Stops attacking; ATK +40%, DEF +70%; When hit by an enemy's normal attack, launches long-ranged spikes at up to 4 enemies in front (0.75-second cooldown)
Mastery I
SP 10 / 28 · 37 s
Stops attacking; ATK +45%, DEF +80%; When hit by an enemy's normal attack, launches long-ranged spikes at up to 4 enemies in front (0.7-second cooldown)
Mastery II
SP 10 / 27 · 38 s
Stops attacking; ATK +50%, DEF +90%; When hit by an enemy's normal attack, launches long-ranged spikes at up to 4 enemies in front (0.65-second cooldown)
Mastery III
SP 10 / 25 · 40 s
Stops attacking; ATK +60%, DEF +110%; When hit by an enemy's normal attack, launches long-ranged spikes at up to 4 enemies in front (0.6-second cooldown)
S3 · Destreza커뮤니티 정보

SP shows initial / cost.

Instant, ammo, toggle and persistent effects without a timed duration follow the effect text.

Recovery: Offensive recovery · Manual activation

Skill rank 7
SP 0 / 15 · 30 s
Attack Range expands, ATK +40%, ASPD +16, and ranged attacks no longer deal reduced damage Upon the second activation of this skill and afterwards, this skill has unlimited duration, and its bonuses are twice the base amount
Mastery I
SP 0 / 15 · 30 s
Attack Range expands, ATK +45%, ASPD +19, and ranged attacks no longer deal reduced damage Upon the second activation of this skill and afterwards, this skill has unlimited duration, and its bonuses are twice the base amount
Mastery II
SP 0 / 15 · 30 s
Attack Range expands, ATK +50%, ASPD +22, and ranged attacks no longer deal reduced damage Upon the second activation of this skill and afterwards, this skill has unlimited duration, and its bonuses are twice the base amount
Mastery III
SP 0 / 15 · 30 s
Attack Range expands, ATK +60%, ASPD +25, and ranged attacks no longer deal reduced damage Upon the second activation of this skill and afterwards, this skill has unlimited duration, and its bonuses are twice the base amount
Talent 1커뮤니티 정보

Without module.

Use the row matching the unlocked Potential; variants replace each other.

E2 · Potential 1
P1
Poisons the targets when attacking, dealing 125 Arts damage to them per second, lasting 3 seconds (damage is doubled against Ranged enemies)
E2 · Potential 5
P5
Poisons the targets when attacking, dealing 140 （+15） Arts damage to them per second, lasting 3 seconds (damage is doubled against Ranged enemies)
Talent 2커뮤니티 정보

Without module.

Use the row matching the unlocked Potential; variants replace each other.

E2 · Potential 1
P1
If this unit hasn't attacked for 2 seconds, restores 3.5% of Max HP every second
E2 · Potential 3
P3
If this unit hasn't attacked for 2 seconds, restores 4% (+0.5%) of Max HP every second
Potential 2–6커뮤니티 정보

Each row is the additional effect at that stage.

Talent upgrades are detailed above.

Potential 2
P2
DP Cost -1
Potential 3
P3
Improves Second Talent
Potential 4
P4
ATK +26
Potential 5
P5
Improves First Talent
Potential 6
P6
DP Cost -1
Module LOR-X커뮤니티 정보

Minimum promotion/level: E2 Lv.60.

Additional Trust, mission and material requirements are not listed here.

Potential 1; modules are alternatives, not cumulative.

Module level 1
Lv.1
Max HP +160; ATK +39; ASPD +5. Attacks deal an additional 10% ATK as Arts damage.
Module level 2
Lv.2
Max HP +215; ATK +48; ASPD +6. Attacks deal an additional 10% ATK as Arts damage.; Attacks poison the target, dealing 125 Arts damage per second for 3 seconds and stacking up to 3 times (damage is doubled against ranged enemies).
Module level 3
Lv.3
Max HP +260; ATK +55; ASPD +7. Attacks deal an additional 10% ATK as Arts damage.; Attacks poison the target, dealing 135 Arts damage per second for 3 seconds and stacking up to 4 times (damage is doubled against ranged enemies).
Module LOR-D커뮤니티 정보

Minimum promotion/level: E2 Lv.60.

Additional Trust, mission and material requirements are not listed here.

Potential 1; modules are alternatives, not cumulative.

Module level 1
Lv.1
Max HP +80; ATK +60; ASPD +5. When dealing damage, deals an additional 10% as Nervous Impairment
Module level 2
Lv.2
Max HP +120; ATK +69; ASPD +6. When dealing damage, deals an additional 10% as Nervous Impairment; Attacks poison the target, dealing 200 Arts damage per second for 3 seconds (damage is doubled against Ranged enemies); if enemy is under the burst effect of Nervous Impairment, deals Elemental damage instead of poison damage with 2x damage amount
Module level 3
Lv.3
Max HP +150; ATK +75; ASPD +7. When dealing damage, deals an additional 10% as Nervous Impairment; Attacks poison the target, dealing 300 Arts damage per second for 3 seconds (damage is doubled against Ranged enemies); if enemy is under the burst effect of Nervous Impairment, deals Elemental damage instead of poison damage with 2.5x damage amount
  • Stats and effects are community-reviewed using regional public game data and PRTS.
Character

Kal’tsit

커뮤니티 정보
Rarity
6★
Class
Medic
Branch
Medic
Position
Ranged
Progression
E2 Lv.90 / P1
Max HP
1633
ATK
490
DEF
215
RES
0
DP cost
20
Block count
1
Attack interval
2.85 s
Redeployment
70 s
Trust bonus · Max HP
+400
Excluded from base table. Maximum Trust stat bonus.
Trust bonus · DEF
+40
Excluded from base table. Maximum Trust stat bonus.
Stat basis

Elite 2 maximum level, Potential 1, zero Trust bonus, no module.

Trust, talent and skill modifiers are listed separately.

Skills compare rank 7 and Mastery I–III.

S1 · Command: Structural Fortification커뮤니티 정보

SP shows initial / cost.

Instant, ammo, toggle and persistent effects without a timed duration follow the effect text.

Recovery: Auto recovery · Manual activation

Skill rank 7
SP 6 / 24 · 36 s
This unit and Mon3tr gains DEF +120%. This unit also gains 40% Physical resist
Mastery I
SP 7 / 23 · 37 s
This unit and Mon3tr gains DEF +130%. This unit also gains 40% Physical resist
Mastery II
SP 8 / 22 · 38 s
This unit and Mon3tr gains DEF +140%. This unit also gains 40% Physical resist
Mastery III
SP 10 / 20 · 40 s
This unit and Mon3tr gains DEF +150%. This unit also gains 50% Physical resist
S2 · Command: Tactical Coordination커뮤니티 정보

SP shows initial / cost.

Instant, ammo, toggle and persistent effects without a timed duration follow the effect text.

Recovery: Auto recovery · Manual activation

Skill rank 7
SP 0 / 12 · 17 s
This unit gains ASPD +60; Mon3tr gains ATK +50% and attacks all blocked enemies This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
Mastery I
SP 0 / 11 · 18 s
This unit gains ASPD +70; Mon3tr gains ATK +60% and attacks all blocked enemies This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
Mastery II
SP 0 / 10 · 19 s
This unit gains ASPD +80; Mon3tr gains ATK +75% and attacks all blocked enemies This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
Mastery III
SP 0 / 8 · 20 s
This unit gains ASPD +100; Mon3tr gains ATK +90% and attacks all blocked enemies This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
S3 · Command: Meltdown커뮤니티 정보

SP shows initial / cost.

Instant, ammo, toggle and persistent effects without a timed duration follow the effect text.

Recovery: Auto recovery · Manual activation

Skill rank 7
SP 0 / 19 · 18 s
Mon3tr gains DEF +140%, ATK +190% that gradually decays to +0% over the skill duration and deals True damage. If this skill ends without Mon3tr killing any enemies, Mon3tr loses 50% Max HP. This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
Mastery I
SP 0 / 18 · 18 s
Mon3tr gains DEF +160%, ATK +210% that gradually decays to +0% over the skill duration and deals True damage. If this skill ends without Mon3tr killing any enemies, Mon3tr loses 50% Max HP. This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
Mastery II
SP 0 / 17 · 19 s
Mon3tr gains DEF +180%, ATK +230% that gradually decays to +0% over the skill duration and deals True damage. If this skill ends without Mon3tr killing any enemies, Mon3tr loses 50% Max HP. This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
Mastery III
SP 0 / 15 · 20 s
Mon3tr gains DEF +200%, ATK +260% that gradually decays to +0% over the skill duration and deals True damage. If this skill ends without Mon3tr killing any enemies, Mon3tr loses 50% Max HP. This skill is Tied to Mon3tr
Talent 1커뮤니티 정보

Without module.

Use the row matching the unlocked Potential; variants replace each other.

E2 · Potential 1
P1
Can use and heal Mon3tr, and Mon3tr has a 25 second redeployment time. Kal'tsit will prioritize healing herself and Mon3tr; If Mon3tr is not within Kal'tsit's Attack Range, Mon3tr's DEF is reduced to 0
Talent 2커뮤니티 정보

Without module.

Use the row matching the unlocked Potential; variants replace each other.

E2 · Potential 1
P1
When Mon3tr is defeated (excluding retreat), all enemies in the surrounding 8 tiles are Stunned for 3 seconds and receive 1200 True damage
E2 · Potential 5
P5
When Mon3tr is defeated (excluding retreat), all enemies in the surrounding 8 tiles are Stunned for 3.5 (+0.5) seconds and receive 1400 (+200) True damage
Potential 2–6커뮤니티 정보

Each row is the additional effect at that stage.

Talent upgrades are detailed above.

Potential 2
P2
DP Cost -1
Potential 3
P3
Redeployment Time -4 sec
Potential 4
P4
ATK +25
Potential 5
P5
Improves Second Talent
Potential 6
P6
DP Cost -1
Module PHY-X커뮤니티 정보

Minimum promotion/level: E2 Lv.60.

Additional Trust, mission and material requirements are not listed here.

Potential 1; modules are alternatives, not cumulative.

Module level 1
Lv.1
ATK +35; DEF +15. When healing allied units with less than 50% HP, increases heal amount by 15%
Module level 2
Lv.2
ATK +50; DEF +20. When healing allied units with less than 50% HP, increases heal amount by 15%; When Mon3tr is defeated (excluding retreat) or if its HP drops below 50% for the first time, all enemies in the surrounding 8 tiles are Stunned for 3 seconds and receive 1200 True damage
Module level 3
Lv.3
ATK +60; DEF +25. When healing allied units with less than 50% HP, increases heal amount by 15%; When Mon3tr is defeated (excluding retreat) or if its HP drops below 50% for the first time, all enemies in the surrounding 8 tiles are Stunned for 3.5 seconds and receive 1500 True damage
Module PHY-Y커뮤니티 정보

Minimum promotion/level: E2 Lv.60.

Additional Trust, mission and material requirements are not listed here.

Potential 1; modules are alternatives, not cumulative.

Module level 1
Lv.1
Max HP +115; ASPD +5. Healing increased by 15% when healing a ground unit
Module level 2
Lv.2
Max HP +155; ASPD +6. Healing increased by 15% when healing a ground unit; Can use and heal Mon3tr, and Mon3tr has a 25 second redeployment time. Kal'tsit will prioritize healing herself and Mon3tr; Mon3tr gains +12 ASPD and +15% DEF when in Kal'tsit's Attack Range; If Mon3tr is not within Kal'tsit's Attack Range, Mon3tr's DEF is reduced to 0
Module level 3
Lv.3
Max HP +195; ASPD +7. Healing increased by 15% when healing a ground unit; Can use and heal Mon3tr, and Mon3tr has a 25 second redeployment time. Kal'tsit will prioritize healing herself and Mon3tr; Mon3tr gains +20 ASPD and +20% DEF when in Kal'tsit's Attack Range; If Mon3tr is not within Kal'tsit's Attack Range, Mon3tr's DEF is reduced to 0
  • Stats and effects are community-reviewed using regional public game data and PRTS.